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Objective To evaluate the efficacy of ultrasound-guided anterior quadratus lumborum block combined with general anesthesia for laparoscopic radical resection of rectal carcinoma. Methods A total of 80 patients of both sexes, of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ, aged 40-64 yr, scheduled for elective laparoscopic radical resection of rectal carcinoma, were divided into 2 groups ( n=40 each) using a random number table method: anterior quadratus lumborum block combined with general anesthesia group ( group QG) and general anesthesia group ( group G) . In group QG, anteri-or quadratus lumborum block was performed with 0. 33％ ropivacaine 25 ml and dexamethasone 5 mg under ultrasound guidance before operation, and the same procedure was performed on the other side. Combined intravenous-inhalational anesthesia was applied, propofol 3-5μg∕ml and remifentanil 3-5 ng∕ml were given by target-controlled infusion, and cisatracurium was intermittently injected in two groups. Patient-controlled intravenous analgesia with sufentanil 2μg∕kg was used for postoperative analgesia. The analgesic pump was set up to deliver a 2 ml bolus dose with a 15-min lockout interval. Bruggrmann comfort scale ( BCS) scores were recorded at 1, 6, 12, 24 and 48 h after operation ( T1-5 ) . Tramadol was used for rescue analgesic after operation. The consumption of remifentanil and sufentanil, requirement for tramadol, occurrence of adverse reactions and patients' satisfaction with postoperative analgesia were recorded. The emergence time, first ambulation time, time to first flatus∕poo and length of hospital stay were also recorded. The develop-ment of anterior quadratus lumborum block-related complications was recorded. Results Compared with group G, BCS scores were significantly increased at T4,5 , the consumption of remifentanil, requirement for tramadol and incidence of nausea and vomiting were decreased, patients' satisfaction with postoperative an-algesia was increased, and the emergence time, first ambulation time, time to first flatus∕poo and length of hospital stay were shortened in group QG (P<0. 05). Conclusion Ultrasound-guided anterior quadratus lumborum block combined with general anesthesia can reduce the consumption of opioids in the perioperative period and is helpful in improving outcomes when used for laparoscopic radical resection of rectal carcinoma.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To summarize experience in the treatment of complex congenital intestinal atresia in children, so as to investigate the key points and effect of the operation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Medical notes of 49 children with complex intestinal atresia treated between January 2012 and January 2018 were reviewed. The information of age, sex, age at operation, full-term or premature, birth weight, clinical manifestation, auxiliary examination, preliminary diagnosis, treatment process, discharge diagnosis, pathological results and prognosis of patients were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All patients underwent surgical treatment, including 42 cases with laparotomy (85.7%) and 7 with laparoscopic surgery (14.3%); 1 case undergoing laparoscopic surgery was converted to laparotomy due to meconium peritonitis. The mean operation time was (147±43) min (70-270 min); the mean fasting time after surgery was (8±3) d (4-16 d); the mean parenteral nutrition time was (12±6) d (3-30 d). Eleven cases were discharged against medical after operation and lost to follow-up. Among rest 38 children, 1 child (2.6%) received intestinal resection and ostomy five days after operation due to gastrointestinal perforation; 1 child (2.6%) received conservative treatment one month later due to adhered intestinal obstruction and left hospital with cure; 1 child (2.6%) received enterodialysis and ileostomy eight days after operation due to anastomotic leak, and received the operation for the closure of fistula after three months; 4 children had complications including fluid and electrolyte disorders, anemia, hypoproteinemia and so on, and recovered after conservative treatments. Postoperative follow-up showed that 1 child with duodenal atresia had lower body weight at 6 month after operation, but the body weight returned to normal when the child was one year old; 1 child with preterm labor of 32 weeks was treated with enteral nutrition, and gradually restored the normal diet after 6 months. Growth retardation was not observed in other children.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>With active treatment and reservation of normal bowel tube as much as possible during the operation, the prognosis of children with complex intestinal atresia is usually favorable.</p>
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Objective To observe the protective effect of dexmedetomidine(Dex)at different doses com-bined with ulinastatin in lung resection patients with one lung ventilation. Methods 80 patients having undergone unilateral lung resection were divided into four groups randomly:control group(C group)and groups Dex 1-3,20 cases in each group.One lung ventilation(OLV)was used in all the groups during operation.The patients in groups Dex 1-3 were treated with 0.5,1.0,2.0 μg/kg combined with ulinastatin,and the C group with amount of normal sa-line instead.The comparisons were done among the four groups in terms of SOD,L-6,IL-10,serum malondialde-hyde(MDA)concentration at 5 min after endotracheal intubation(T0),30 min(T1),60 min(T2),120 min (T3)as well as the levels of FVC,FEVl and FEVl/FVC at 24 h,48 h and 72 h after surgery. Results In the groups C and Dex 1,SOD decreased at T1-4 and IL-6,MDA and IL-10 at T2-4 rose.SOD decreased at T2-4 in groups Dex 2-3 and MDA,IL-6 and IL-10 rose.Compared with group C,the levels of SOD and IL-10 at T2-4 in groups Dex 1-2 and at T1-4 in group Dex 3 rose. In groups Dex 1-3,postoperative FVC,FEVl and FEVl/FVC rose.Compared with group Dex 1 or 2 respectively,SOD and IL-10 at T2-4 in group Dex 3 significantly rose,but MDA and IL-6 significantly declined;FVC,FEVl and FEVl/FVC significantly rose 48 h and 72 h after surgery (P<0.05). Conclusion Dex combined with ulinastatin has a protective effect for patients with one lung ventila-tion after lung resection,with the best-suggested dose of 1.0 μg/kg.
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Objective To evaluate the role of phosphatidylinositol 3?kinase(PI3K)∕serine?threo?nine kinase(Akt)signaling pathway in propofol?induced invasion of human liver cancer cell line HepG2. Methods HepG2 cells were cultured in RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum in a 5% CO2incubator at 37℃. HepG2 cells at the logarithmic growth phase were divided into 6 groups(n=18 each)using a random number table: control group(group C), propofol group(group P), PI3K∕Akt signaling pathway agonist IGF?1 group(group IGF), PI3K∕Akt signaling pathway inhibitor LY294002 group(group LY), IGF?1 plus propofol group(group IGF+P)and LY294002 plus propofol group (group LY + P). Propofol 120 μg∕ml was added in group P. IGF?1 10 nmol∕L was added in group IGF. LY294002 10 μmol was added in group LY. In group IGF+P, 10 nmol∕L IGF?1 was added, cells were in?cubated for 24 h, and then 120 μg∕ml propofol was added. In group LY+P, 10 μmol LY294002 was add?ed, cells were incubated for 24 h, and then 120 μg∕ml propofol was added. The invasion of cells was measured by Transwell invasion assay at 24 h of incubation. The expression of PI3K and Akt mRNA in cells was determined by real?time polymerase chain reaction. The expression of Akt, PI3K and phosphorylated Akt(p?Akt)was detected by using Western blot. Results Compared with group C, the invasive cell count was significantly reduced, the expression of PI3K protein and mRNA was down?regulated, p?Akt∕Akt ratio was decreased, and the expression of Akt mRNA was down?regulated in P, P+IGF, LY and P+LY groups, and the invasive cell count was significantly increased, the expression of PI3K protein and mRNA was up?regulated, p?Akt∕Akt ratio was increased, and the expression of Akt mRNA was up?regulated in group IGF(P<0.05). Compared with group P, the invasive cell count was significantly increased, the expression of PI3K protein and mRNA was up?regulated, p?Akt∕Akt ratio was increased, and the expres?sion of Akt mRNA was up?regulated in group P+IGF, and the invasive cell count was significantly reduced, the expression of PI3K protein and mRNA was down?regulated, p?Akt∕Akt ratio was decreased, and the ex?pression of Akt mRNA was down?regulated in group P+LY(P<0.05). The invasive cell count was signifi?cantly reduced, the expression of PI3K protein and mRNA was down?regulated, p?Akt∕Akt ratio was de?creased, and the expression of Akt mRNA was down?regulated in group P+IGF as compared with group IGF (P<0.05)and in group P+LY as compared with group LY(P<0.05). Conclusion The mechanism by which propofol inhibits invasion of HepG2 cells is related to inhibiting activation of PI3K∕Akt signaling path?ways.
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Objective To evaluate the role of interleukin-4 receptor (IL-4R) in renal fibrosis following renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in mice.Methods Twelve male wild type BALB/C mice and 12 IL-4Rα gene-knockout mice,aged 8-10 weeks,weighing 20-30 g,were used in the study.The mice of either type were divided into 2 groups (n =6 each) using a random number table:sham operation group (group S) and group I/R.In group I/R,renal I/R was induced by occlusion of the right renal artery for 1 h with atraumatic microclips followed by 2 weeks of reperfusion.The right renal artery was only isolated in group S.At 2 weeks of reperfusion,blood samples were taken from the orbital vein for determination of the concentrations of serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cr).The renal tissues were obtained,and the renal fibrosis area was measured by Sirius Red staining.The expression of fibronectin (FN),collagen Ⅰ (COL-Ⅰ) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in renal tissues was detected by immunofluorescence.The expression of signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) and phospho-STAT6 in renal tissues was determined by Western blot.The ratio of phoshop-STAT6 to STAT6 was calculated to reflect the phosphorylation of STAT6.Results Compared with group S of wild type mice,the serum BUN and Cr concentrations and renal fibrosis area were significantly increased,the expression of FN,COL-Ⅰ and α-SMA in renal tissues was significantly up-regulated,and the phosphorylation of STAT6 in renal tissues was significantly increased in group I/R of wild type and IL-4Rα KO mice (P＜0.05).Compared with group I/R of wild type mice,the serum BUN and Cr concentrations and renal fibrosis area were significantly decreased,the expression of FN,COL-Ⅰ and α-SMA in renal tissues was significantly down-regulated,and the phosphorylation of STAT6 in renal tissues was significantly decreased in group I/R of IL-4RαKO mice (P＜0.05).Conclusion The mechanism of renal fibrosis following renal I/R injury is partially related to IL-4R,and IL-4R results in renal fibrosis through promoting activation of STAT6 signaling pathway in mice.
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Objective To investigate the effects of post-operative analgesia with oxycodone or morphine for patients undergoing colon cancer radical surgery on platelet activation and cellular immunity.Methods Forty colon cancer patients scheduled for radical surgery, 23 males and 17 females, ASA physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ, were randomly divided into 2 groups (n=20 each): oxycodone group (group O) and morphine group (group M).Patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) was used for post-operative analgesia.PCIA solution contained oxycodone 1 mg/kg and tropisetron 6 mg in 100 ml normal saline in group O or morphine 1 mg/kg and tropisetron 6 mg in 100 ml normal saline in group M.Blood samples were obtained from the patients at 5 min before anesthesia induction (T0), 4 h after surgery (T1), 24 h after surgery (T2) and 48 h after surgery (T3).The levels of glycoprotein (GP)Ⅱb/Ⅲa, P-selection (CD62P), natural killer (NK) cells, NKT cells, and natural Treg (nTreg) cells were detected.The platelet aggregation rate (PAR) was determined.Results Compared with T0, the levers of GPⅡb/Ⅲa, CD62P, PAR and nTreg cells were significantly higher at T1 in group O and at T1, T2 in group M (P<0.05).Compared with T0, the levels of NK and NKT cells were decreased significantly at T1 in group O and at T1-T3 in group M (P<0.05).The levels of GPⅡb/Ⅲa, CD62P, PAR and nTreg cells at T2 and T3 in group O were decreased significantly as compared with group M (P<0.05).The levels of NK cells, NKT cells at T2 and T3 in group O were significantly higher than those in group M.Conclusion Post-operative analgesia with oxycodone for patients undergoing colon cancer radical surgery exhibits a more significant effect of decreasing platelets activity and presents a less disturbance on cellular immunity as compared with morphine.
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Objective To observe the effect of acute normovolemic hemodilution(ANH)combined with enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)on immune function in patients undergoing hepatic lobectomy. Methods 80 patients were divided into two groups:ERAS group(group E),ANH combined with ERAS group(group AE). bleeding volume,blood transfusion,infused fluid volume,urine output during operation and clinical index after surgery were recorded. Exhaust and defecation time ,fluid intake time and hospitalization duration were also record-ed. Blood samples were obtained from the patients at 30 min before anesthesia induction(T1),immediately(T2), 24 h(T3),3 d(T4)and 7 d(T5)after the end of operation for determination of the expression of CD3+,CD4+, CD8+ on T cells and natural killer cell. Results In group E ,CD3+,CD4+ T-lymphocytes and NK cells at T2-3 decreased as compared with T0. Compared with group E ,no allogeneic blood transfusion cases were found and clinical index duration was shorter in group AE. CD3+,CD4+T-lymphocytes and NK cells at T2-3 increased in group AE as compared with those in Group E. The difference is significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion ANH combined with ERAS can decrease allogenic blood transfusion and increase post-operation immunologic function ,shorten the postoperative hospitalization time.
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Objective To determine the effect of hypoxia conditions on the expression of autophagyrelated genes including P62,LC3 and Beclin-1 in the gastrocnemius muscles of rats with alimentary obesity and the possible mechanism of cellular autophagy induced by hypoxia exercises.Methods The model of rats with alimentary obesity was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats using high-fat diet.Then the obese rats were randomly divided into a control(C) group,a hypoxia-exercises-for-1-week(E1) group,a hypoxia-exercises-for-2-weeks (E2) group,a hypoxia-exercises-for-3-weeks (E3) group and a hypoxia-exercises-for-4-weeks(E4) group,each of 10.The rats were exposed to the environment where the simulated hypoxia was of about 13.6％ oxygen concentration(about the oxygen concentration at an actual altitude of 3,500 m),and underwent treadmill running with the speed at 20 m/min on a slope of 0 gradient every day,five days a week.After the last training,the rats were killed and sampled.The RT-PCR was used to detect the level of P62,LC3 and Beclin-1 mRNA and Western Blotting was conducted to examine the changes of protein P62 and LC3 before and after the intervention.Results Compared with group C,the expression of Beclin-1 mRNA in group E1,E2 and E3 increased significantly(P＜0.05),while the expression of protein Beclin-1 decreased significantly in group E2.The expression of protein Beclin-1 of group E2 and E3 was significantly lower than that of group E4,but there were no significant differences between group E2 and E3.Compared with group C,the relative expression of P62 mRNA in group E1 and E2 increased significantly(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),with that of group E2 significantly higher than group E1 (P＜0.05).Moreover,the relative expression of P62 mRNA in group E3 was significantly lower than that of E2(P＜0.01),and that of group E4 was significantly higher than group C,E1 and E3(P＜0.01).The relative expression of protein P62 in the obese rats in group E3 was significantly higher than that of group E2(P＜0.05).The relative expression of LC3 mRNA in group E2,E3 and E4 was significantly higher than that of group C(P＜0.01).Moreover,there were no significant differences in LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ protein among the five groups.Conclusion Hypoxia exercise can significantly enhance the relative expression of autophagy genes,and promote,to some extent,the autophagy.However,the transcription of autophagy genes does not happen synchronically with the synthesis of autophagy proteins.Moreover,an increase in autophagy in the skeletal muscle can be seen in the first two weeks of hypoxia exercises,followed by a gradual decrease with time prolonged,which may be the result of the gradual adaptation to hypoxia stimulation of the body.
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Objective To investigate the impact of transtheoretical model-based depression management on senile people with type 2 diabetes. Methods A total of 78 senile patients with type 2 diabetes were recruited from the Affiliated Jiangyin Hospital of Southeast University Medical College and the Nantong Tumor Hospital during the period from September 2015 to December 2016.They were randomly divided into the experimental(n=39)and the control groups(n=39).The patients in the experimental group received transtheoretical model-based depression management while those in the control group received traditional health education. The intervention results were evaluated using Demographic Data Recording Form, Self-Rating Depression Scale, and Depression Prevention & Management Survey Items. The main statistical methods included Chi square test,independent sample t test,Mann-Whitney U test,and repeated measures analysis of variance. Results After the intervention of three months, the mean scores of Self-Rating Depression Scale was 50.97 (F=17.814), perceived benefit score was (9.59 ± 2.10) (t=-6.732), perceived barriers score was (5.59 ± 1.30) (t=2.980), cognitive level score was (32.98 ± 4.87) (t=-10.189), the behavior level score was (34.32 ± 5.02) (t=-13.745), and the self-efficacy score was (12.11 ± 2.13)(t=-7.845),all of which significantly improved in the experimental group,more than the control group with its perceived benefit score of(8.31 ± 1.12)(F=32.789),perceived barriers score of(6.99 ± 2.12)(F=18.788), cognitive level score of (29.01 ± 3.34) (F=67.876), behavior level score of (28.03 ± 4.77) (F=43.476), and self-efficacy score of(9.78 ± 2.03)(F=15.543),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01).The level of FPG in experimental group was(7.24 ± 1.36)mmol/L,which was significantly lower than the FPG of (7.41 ± 1.34)mmol/L in the control group(t=0.624,P=0.028).Conclusions Transtheoretical model-based depression management can effectively improve senile type 2 diabetes'management of depression,which is valuable in the clinical context.
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Objective To investigate the effects of sevoflurane and propofol on postoperative cognitive function after abdominal surgery for elderly patients with diabetes. Methods Seventy diabetic patients (aged 60~75 yr, ASAⅠorⅡ) underwent abdominal surgery and are included in the research. Diabetic patients were randomly divided into two groups (n=35): sevoflurane group(group DS) and propofol group (group DP). MMSE score, the attachment test, words memory test and Stroop color word test were carried and the results were recorded before operation (T1), postoperative 24 h (T2), 48 h (T3) and 1 w (T4). Results Compared with T1, patients′ MMSE score reduced at T2 and T3. Time spent in attachment test is longer at T2 and T3. Mistaken incidences in Stroop color words test 1, 2 and 3 are higher and time longer at T2. Time spent on Stroop color words test 2 and 3 is longer in T3. Words memory test reveals decline at T2 and T3, whose difference is statistically significant (P 0.05). Conclusion Sevoflurane and propofol can result in postoperative cognitive dysfunction for elderly patients with diabetes within 48 h after abdominal surgery, there were no difference between the effects of them.
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Objective To investigate the role of chemokine CXC-ligand 16 (CXCL16) in renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in the mice.Methods Twelve healthy male C57BL/6 mice and 12 CXCL16-knockout (CXCL16-KO) mice,aged 8-10 weeks,weighing 20-30 g,were studied.The 12 C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into 2 groups (n=6 each) using a random number table:C57BL/6 sham operation group (group C-S) and C57BL/6 I/R group (group C-I/R).The 12 CXCL16-KO mice were randomly divided into 2 groups (n=6 each) using a random number table:CXCL16-KO sham operation group (group KO-S) and CXCL16-KO I/R group (group KO-I/R).The right kidney was removed,and the left kidney was exposed,and the renal artery was then clamped for 45 min with atraumatic microclips followed by 24 h reperfusion to establish the model of renal I/R in anesthetized mice.Venous blood samples were taken at 24 h of reperfusion for determination of the serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cr) concentrations.The renal specimens were obtained at 24 h of reperfusion for microscopic examination of the pathological changes,and the damage to the renal tubules was scored.The number of myeloperoxidase (MPO) positive cells (MPO+ cells),F4/80+ cells and CD3+ cells in renal tissues was counted by immunohistochemistry.The expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α),interleukin-1beta (IL-1β),IL-6,and macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2) mRNA in renal tissues was determined by real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction.Results Compared with group C-S,the serum BUN and Cr concentrations,renal tubular damage score,and the number of MPO+,F4/80+,and CD3+ cells were significantly increased,and the expression of TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6 and MIP-2 mRNA was significantly up-regulated in group C-I/R (P＜0.05).Compared with group KO-S,the serum BUN and Cr concentrations,renal tubular damage score,and the number of MPO+,F4/80+,and CD3+ cells were significantly increased,and the expression of TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6 and MIP-2 mRNA was significantly up-regulated in group KO-I/R (P＜0.05).Compared with group C-I/R,the serum BUN and Cr concentrations,renal tubular damage score,and the number of MPO+,F4/80+,and CD3+ cells were significantly decreased,and the expression of TNF-c,IL-1β,IL-6 and MIP-2 mRNA was significantly down-regulated in group KO-I/R (P＜0.05).Conclusion CXCL16 is involved in the pathophysiological process of renal I/R injury in the mice.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of KN93, a calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMK II) inhibitor, on SH-SY5Y cell injury induced by bupivacaine hydrochloride.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>SH-SY5Y cells exposed for 24 h to 1 mmol/L KN93, 1 mmol/L bupivacaine hydrochloride, or both were examined for morphological changes and Cav3.1 protein expressions using Western blotting. The vitality and apoptosis rate of the cells at different time points during the exposures were assessed with MTT assay and flow cytometry, respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Bupivacaine hydrochloride exposure caused obvious cell morphologial changes, reduced cell viability, increased cell apoptosis, and enhanced Cav3.1 protein expression. All these changes were partly reversed by treatment of the cells with 1 mmol/L KN93.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>CaMKII may play a role in bupivacaine hydrochloride-induced SH-SY5Y cells injury, which is related with upregulated Cav3.1 protein expression.</p>
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Humanos , Apoptose , Bupivacaína , Canais de Cálcio Tipo T , Metabolismo , Proteína Quinase Tipo 2 Dependente de Cálcio-Calmodulina , Metabolismo , Linhagem Celular , Sobrevivência Celular , Regulação para CimaRESUMO
Objective To preliminarily evaluate the role of Ras homolog gene (Rho)/Rho-associated coiled coil-forming protein kinase (ROCK) signaling pathway in propofol-induced inhibition of metastasis of human gastric cancer cells.Methods Human gastric cancer MKN-45 cells cultured in vitro,with the concentration of 1.0× 106 cells/ml,were seeded in culture plates,and incubated for 24 h.The plates were then randomly divided into 4 groups using a random number table:control group (group C),propofol group (group P),lysophosphatidic acid group (group L) and propofol + lysophosphatidic acid group (group PL).Group C received no administration.In group P,propofol at the final concentration of 16 μg/ml was given.In group L,lysophosphatidic acid at the final concentration of 1 μmol/L was administered.In group PL,propofol and lysophosphatidic acid were given with the final concentration of 16 μg/ml and 1 μmol/L,respectively.All the cells were then incubated for another 24 h.The migration of cells was determined by wound healing assay,and cell migration rates were calculated.The invasion of cells was determined by Transwell assay,and the invaded cells were counted.The expression of matrix metalloproteinases-2 (MMP-2),MMP-9,RhoA,and ROCK1 in cells was detected by Western blot.Results Compared with group C,cell migration rates and the number of invaded cells were significantly increased,and the expression of MMP-2,MMP-9,RhoA and ROCK1 was up-regulated in group L,and cell migration rates and the number of invaded cells were decreased,and the expression of MMP-2,MMP-9,RhoA and ROCK1 was down-regulated in group P.Compared with group L,cell migration rates and the number of invaded cells were significantly decreased,and the expression of MMP-2,MMP-9,RhoA and ROCK1 was down-regulated in group PL.Conclusion Inhibition of RhoA/ROCK1 signaling pathway is involved in the mechanism by which propofol decreases metastasis of human gastric cancer cells.
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Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of losartan combined with atorvastatin in the treatment of essential hypertension and its influence on the plasma high sensitive C reactive protein(hs-CRP),endothelin (ET) and the level of nitric oxide(NO).Methods According to the digital table,84 patients with primary hypertension were randomly divided into the two groups of 42 cases,the control group was given losartan for treatment,the observation group was treated with losartan combined with atorvastatin.The clinical curative effect and the changes of plasma hs-CRP,ET and the level of NO before and after treatment were compared between the two groups.Results The effective rate of the observation group was 92.86％,which was significantly higher than 80.95％ of the control group(x2 =7.85,P ＜ 0.05);The levels of plasma hs-CRP and ET of the observation group after treatment were (3.02 ± 0.29) mg/L and (34.44 ± 4.59) μg/L,which were significantly lower than (5.30 ± 0.38) mg/L and (58.30 ± 5.27) μg/L of pretreatment and (4.95 ± 0.36) mg/L and (55.93 ± 5.71) μg/L of the control group (t =7.43,8.10,7.89,8.56,all P ＜ 0.05);The NO level of the observation group after treatment was (70.47 ± 4.58)μmol/L,which were significantly higher than (44.43 ± 3.41)μ mol/L of pretreatment and (46.33 ± 3.81) μmol/L of the control group(t =8.69,9.04,all P＜0.05).Conclusion Atorvastatin combined with losartan has a definite effect in treatment of primary hypertension,which can significantly improve the inflammation and endothelial function of patients that has a good clinical application value.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the change of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) expression in the spinal cord of diabetic rats with painful diabetic neuropathy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty SD rats were randomized equally into painful diabetic neuropathy group (DM group) and control group. Painful diabetic neuropathy was induced by intraperitoneal injection with STZ (60 mg/kg) in DM group, and the rats in the control group received a solvent injection. Blood glucose levels were measured before and at 2, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after STZ injection (T1-6 respectively). Responses to the mechanical stimulus were measured with von Frey filament, and 50% paw withdraw threshold (PWT) and body weight were recorded at T1 and T3-6. At T1 and T3-6, 6 rats from each group were sacrificed to examine the expression of nNOS in the lumbar segments of the spinal cord using Western blotting.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The level of blood glucose increased while the body weight decreased significantly after STZ injection in DM group (P<0.05). Comparing to those in the control group, PWT decreased while spinal nNOS expression increased significantly in DM group at T4-6 (P<0.05) showing an inverse correlation between them (P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The enhanced expression of spinal nNOS might be involved in the pathogenesis of painful diabetic neuropathy in rats.</p>
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Animais , Ratos , Glicemia , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental , Neuropatias Diabéticas , Óxido Nítrico Sintase Tipo I , Metabolismo , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Medula EspinalRESUMO
Objective To evaluate the effect of curcumin preconditioning on the activation of mast cells during intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) in rats.Methods Twenty-four female Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 180-220 g,were randomly divided into 3 groups (n =8 each) using a random number table:sham operation group (S group),intestinal I/R group (I/R group),and curcumin preconditioning group (Cur group).Intestinal I/R was produced by occlusion of superior mesenteric artery (SMA) for 75 min followed by reperfusion.At 5 days before I/ R,curcumin 200 mg/kg (in 20 mg/ml normal saline) was given through a gastric tube in Cur group,while the equal volume of normal saline was given instead in S and I/R groups.All the rats were sacrificed at 4 h of reperfusion,and the intestinal specimens were obtained for microscopic examination and for determination of tryptase expression and β-hexosaminidase content.Intestinal damage was assessed and scored according to Chiu.Results Compared with S group,Chiu's score and β-hexosaminidase content were significantly increased,and the expression of tryptase was up-regulated in I/R and Cur groups.Compared with I/R group,Chiu' s score and β-hexosaminidase content were significantly decreased,and the expression of tryptase was down-regulated in Cur group.Conclusion The mechanism by which curcumin preconditioning attenuates intestinal I/R injury is related to inhibited activation of mast cells of rats.
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Objective To evaluate the effect of propofol on invasiveness of human gastric cancer MKN-45 cells.Methods Human gastric cancer cell line MKN-45 were seeded in culture plates.After being cultured for 24 h,the cells were randomly divided into 5 groups(n =12 each):control group (group C),intralipid group (group Ⅰ),4 μg/ml propofol group (group P1),8 μg/ml propofol group (group P2) and 16μg/ml propofol group (group P3).The cells were treated with 10％ intralipid and 4,8 and 16 μg/ml propofol for 24 h in I and P1-3 groups,respectively.The cells were then cultured for another 24 h.The migration of cells was determined by cell scratch test.The invasion of cells was determined by Transwell invasion assay.The expression of RhoA and ROCK1 was detected by Western blot.Results Compared with group C,the cell migration and invasion were significantly decreased,and the expression of RhoA and ROCK1 was down-regulated in P1-3 groups,and no significant changes were found in the parameters mentioned above in group Ⅰ.With the increasing concentrations of propofol,the cell migration and invasion were gradually decreased,and the expression of RhoA and ROCK1 was gradually down-regulated in P1-3 groups.Conclusion Propofol can inhibit the invasiveness of human gastric cancer MKN-45 cells cultured in vitro dose-dependently and inhibition of RhoA/ROCK1 signaling pathway may be involved in the mechanism.
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Objective To evaluate the effects of curcumin preconditioning on the activity of xanthine oxidase (XOD) during intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) in rats.Methods Thirty female Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 180-220 g,were randomly divided into 3 groups (n =10 each) using a random number table:sham operation group (S group),intestinal I/R group (I/R group),and curcumin preconditioning group (Cur group).Intestinal I/R was induced by clamping the superior mesenteric artery for 75 min followed by reperfusion.Curcumin 200 mg/kg was given everyday for 5 days before intestinal I/R in Cur group and the equal volume of normal saline was given instead of curcumin in S and I/R groups.The rats were sacrificed at 4 h of reperfusion and the intestinal specimens were obtained for microscopic examination of pathologic changes which were graded using Chiu scoring system and for determination of XOD activity,content of malondialdehyde (MDA),and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity.Results Compared with S group,the Chiu score,activity of XOD and content of MDA were significantly increased,while the activity of SOD was decreased in I/R and Cur groups (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with I/R group,the Chiu score,activity of XOD and content of MDA were significantly decreased,and the activity of SOD was increased in Cur group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Curcumin preconditioning can attenuate intestinal I/R injury in rats,which may be due to inhibition of XOD activity and decreased oxidative stress in intestinal tissues.
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Objective To compare the effects of different general anesthesia protocols on perioperative cellular immune function in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer.Methods Ninety ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ colorectal cancer patients,aged 40-64 yr,weighing 50-85 kg,undergoing laparoscopic surgery were randomly divided into 3 groups (n =30 each):group total intravenous anesthesia (group Ⅰ) ; group inhalational anesthesia(group Ⅱ) and group combined intravenous-inhalational anesthesia (group Ⅲ).Anesthesia was induced with iv midazolam,sufentanil,TCI of propofol and remifentanil and vecuronium in groups Ⅰ and Ⅲ.In group Ⅰ anesthesia was maintained with TCI of propofol and remifentanil and intermittent iv boluses of vecuronium,while in group Ⅲ with inhalation of sevoflurane and intermittent iv boluses of vecuronium.In group Ⅱ anesthesia was induced and maintained with inhalation of sevoflurane and intermittent iv boluses of vecuronium.Narcotrend index was used to monitor depth of anesthesia and maintained at 37-64 during operation.Venous blood samples were taken for determination of the levels of T lymphocyte subsets (CD3+,CD4+,CD8+,CD4+/CD8 +) and natural killer cells at 30 min before induction of anesthesia (T0),2 h after skin incision (T1),at the end of operation (T2) and 24 h after operation (T3).Results The levels of CD3 +,CD4 +,CD4+/CD8+ and natural killer cells were significantly decreased at T2 in group Ⅱ,while the levels of natural killer cells were decreased at T2 in group Ⅲ as compared with the baseline at T0,and were significantly lower than those in group Ⅰ.The levels of CD3+ and CD4+ were significantly lower at T2 in group Ⅱ than in group Ⅲ.Conclusion Intravenous anesthesia with midazolam,propofol,sufentanil,remifentanil and vecuronium has less inhibitory effect on perioperative cellular immune function than inhalational anesthesia and combined intravenous-inhalational anesthesia in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer.
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Objective To evaluate the effects of dexmedetomidine on the cellular immune function of the rats with scald.Methods Seventy-two healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 200-220 g,aged 120-150 days,were randomly divided into 3 groups (n =24 each):normal control group (group C),scald group (group S) and dexmedetomidine group (group D).Thirty percent of the total body surface was shaved and then exposed to 94 ℃ water for 12 s in S and D groups.The rats were resuscitated according to Parkland formula after scald in S and D groups,and in addition,dexmedetomidine 30 μg/kg was also intraperitoneally injected immediately after scald in D group.Before the model was established (T1) and at 12 and 24 h after scald (T2,3),blood samples from the inferior vena cava were collected for determination of T lymphocyte subsets CD3 +,CD4 + and CD8 +,NK cell,C-reactive protein (CRP),interleukin-6 (IL-6),IL-10 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) level.CD4+/CD8+ was calculated.Arterial blood samples were collected for blood gas analysis.Results Compared with C,the CD3+,CD4+ and NK cell levels,CD4+/CD8+,pH value,PaCO2 and PaO2 were significantly decreased,and CD8+ levels,IL-6,IL-10,TNF-α,CRP and BE negative value were increased at T2,3 in S and D groups.Compared with group S,the CD3+,CD4+,NK cell and IL-10 levels,CD4+/CD8+,pH value,PaCO2 and PaO2 were significantly increased,and CD8+ levels,IL-6,TNF-α,CRP and BE negative value were decreased at T2,3 in group D.Conclusion Dexmedetomidine can improve the cellular immune function of the rats with scald.